The 29th United Nations (UN) Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP29) has commenced in Baku, Azerbaijan.

The conference which aims to hold nations accountable for their roles in limiting global warming and fostering solutions for a sustainable future convened to address the intensifying climate change crisis.

It was reported that without the continuous efforts of COP meetings to devise strategies against climate change, humanity could be facing a catastrophic future of up to five degrees Celsius of global warming.

Global warming can exacerbate challenges such as rising energy costs and extreme weather events.

In his opening remarks, Simon Stiell, Executive Secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), highlighted the grave economic and human risks of inaction.

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Stiell warned that failure to implement robust climate action could render nations economically uncompetitive and lead to global instability, resulting in the loss of lives.

A primary focus of COP29 is to operationalize international carbon markets through the finalization of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement.

This move is pivotal for advancing global mitigation efforts while ensuring the target of keeping temperatures well below 1.5 degrees Celsius remains achievable.

Additionally, discussions will cover clean energy initiatives, infrastructure investments, and strategies for climate resilience.

The conference will also emphasize adaptation indicators aimed at increasing resilience among vulnerable communities.

New mechanisms for financial and technical support related to loss and damage are expected to be refined to provide comprehensive assistance to nations facing climate-induced challenges.

In support of these goals, the UNFCCC will launch a new climate plan campaign designed to mobilize action across sectors and align with the broader objectives of the United Nations.

This initiative is intended to enhance the transparency of countries’ climate commitments and encourage all stakeholders to contribute actively to sustainable development.

COP29 in Baku promises to be a critical platform for solidifying global cooperation on climate action, fostering accountability, and driving momentum toward a cleaner, more resilient future.