Ifeanyi Obinali, a security expert and President/Chief Executive Officer of LEAD Security Group in New York, United States, and also the CEO of LISS-LEAD Integrated Security Solutions in Lagos, Nigeria, spotlights challenges in running a private security outfit in Nigeria, among other issues, in this interview with ANOZIE EGOLE

What inspired you to establish a security company in Nigeria?

After establishing a reputable security company in the United States, gaining valuable industry experience, and acquiring firsthand security skills and effective strategies to tackle security challenges, I decided it was time to focus on enhancing Nigeria’s security landscape. From the very first day I started LEAD Security Group in New York City in 2016, one fact has always remained constant in my mind: Nigeria is home. The need for innovative and reliable security services is paramount. I have always looked forward to playing a significant role in fostering a safer and more secure environment in Nigeria.

What’s your long-term vision for your organisation in the Nigerian security landscape?

Our vision is to become a comprehensive security hub offering a wide range of services, including guarding, executive protection, and travel advisory, among others.

We are committed to collaborating with governmental bodies at the state and federal levels to establish and enforce strict regulations that promote standardisation, accountability, and professionalism within the private security sector. Our emphasis lies on specialised training programmes and potential testing processes for security guards to enhance their knowledge of security procedures, ensuring adherence to best practices. Drawing inspiration from similar practices in the United States, we aim to elevate the professionalism and efficiency of security professionals in Nigeria by addressing the prevalent issues of substandard practices and inadequate oversight.

Do you think private security outfits like yours are contributing enough to the nation’s economy?

Private security outfits play a crucial role in Nigeria’s economy through various direct and indirect means.

Firstly, the private security industry serves as a major source of employment, offering jobs to a substantial number of individuals such as security guards, surveillance experts, and cyber technicians, among others.

Secondly, by safeguarding assets and providing security services, private security companies create safer environments for businesses to thrive, thereby promoting investment and fostering economic development.

Lastly, these companies not only generate revenue through their services but also contribute to the economy by employing workers and paying taxes, thereby enhancing the overall financial well-being of the nation. In a country where the ratio of police officers to citizens is significantly low, private security firms play a vital role in alleviating the burden on public security agencies. By addressing the security needs of individuals, businesses, and local communities, they enable public agencies to concentrate on more critical threats.

How do you balance technology with traditional security methods in your operations as a security outfit?

Achieving a robust security posture in modern operations necessitates a balanced approach. In my outfit, we believe in integrating advanced technology with established traditional security methods to create a layered defence system. It’s not about favouring one over the other; it’s about fostering synergy between technology and traditional practices. This mutual enhancement ensures heightened security levels without compromising usability or operational efficiency.

Where do you see Nigeria’s private security sector in the next five years?

The LEAD Integrated Security Solutions Security Industry market review of Nigeria, conducted by LEAD Security Group for LISS—LEAD Integrated Security Solutions in August 2024, forecasts significant growth and transformation in Nigeria’s private security sector over the next five years. This projection is driven by the country’s persistent security challenges, political tensions, economic difficulties, escalating crime rates in major urban areas, widespread kidnappings, terrorism threats, and ongoing violence.

The future of the private security landscape in Nigeria is poised for advancement through the increasing professionalisation of private security outfits. The integration of cutting-edge technology and artificial intelligence-driven security solutions into traditional security practices will spearhead the sector’s evolution. Key innovations include the implementation of security barcodes for patrol verification, panic buttons for immediate distress alerts to remote monitoring centres, and geo-fencing laser tags to trigger security alarms upon unauthorised access. Furthermore, the adoption of advanced surveillance technologies such as thermal imaging radar systems, drones, and the new AI-CCTV cameras alongside conventional physical security measures will shape the trajectory of Nigeria’s private security industry in the coming years. This strategic combination is set to enhance overall security protocols and bolster the effectiveness of security operations across various sectors.

What are the biggest operational challenges a private security outfit faces in Nigeria?

Doing business in Nigeria presents unique challenges compared to operating in the United States and other advanced nations. We are currently facing a myriad of operational hurdles, but we are determined to overcome them. An ongoing issue we encounter is the unreliable power supply, particularly evident in our office located in Lekki. The neighbourhood has been without electricity for nearly four months despite concerted efforts from residents and businesses to address the situation. This has forced us to heavily rely on solar power and costly generators, leading to a substantial increase in operational expenses and subsequently affecting our profitability.

Moreover, we grapple with a convoluted process exacerbated by a lack of transparent access to information and unresponsive government agencies and corporate phone lines. This necessitates physical visits to facilities, adding complexity to our operations. Like many others, we also feel the pinch of the high cost of living and the challenges of maintaining business continuity. Despite these obstacles, we remain committed to finding solutions and ensuring our business perseveres.

How do you respond to emerging security threats like banditry or cybercrime?

At our outfit, we recognise the growing challenges posed by banditry and cybercrime, viewing them as intricate threats demanding a comprehensive approach. In regions like Nigeria, Haiti, and Mexico, these issues have transcended from mere criminal activities to becoming sophisticated operations, often exploiting socio-economic vulnerabilities such as poverty and governance deficiencies. We are dedicated to devising robust security measures aimed at early detection, anticipation, prevention, and mitigation of potential threats, prioritising a proactive stance over reactive responses post-incident. To fortify our defence mechanisms, we have implemented a comprehensive security plan encompassing both physical and technological aspects. This plan includes investments in robust locking mechanisms like safes, vaults, and high-security locks; strategic placement of adequate lighting; and installation of alarm systems configured to promptly alert our command centre in the event of a security breach or perilous situation. Furthermore, in our commitment to combat these evolving challenges, we emphasise continuous training for our security personnel. This training covers a spectrum of skills, including handling hazardous scenarios, conflict resolution, and de-escalation techniques, ensuring our team is well-equipped to address emerging threats effectively.

How do you collaborate with law enforcement and regulatory agencies in carrying out your duties?

Collaborating with local law enforcement is a top priority for ensuring secure transport and immediate support for our officers and personnel during their duties.

When we secure new business contracts nationwide, one of our initial steps is to establish contact with the local police station to introduce ourselves and highlight our presence in the area. Our dedicated security account manager oversees the ongoing relationship with law enforcement agencies while also ensuring our team is well-versed in protocols for requesting immediate assistance when needed. Moreover, we host quarterly events involving senior management staff members, security account managers, law enforcement officials, and clients. These gatherings serve as a platform to reinforce our collaborative efforts towards enhancing security measures and maintaining effective partnerships.

What do you think the government can do to assist the operations of private security outfits in Nigeria?

To enhance the business landscape in Nigeria, particularly for security companies and other businesses, prioritising a consistent electricity supply is crucial. By ensuring a steady flow of power, businesses can operate around the clock, boosting productivity and profitability. The government should address issues with DisCos to prevent citizens from paying excessive fees for inadequate power supply, promoting a challenging environment for business growth. Additionally, streamlining regulatory processes and fostering a transparent, corruption-free compliance system is essential. Simplifying procedures will benefit both local and international businesses operating in Nigeria. Establishing clear standards for testing, certifying, and licensing private security officers nationwide is vital.

Currently, a significant percentage of security personnel lack proper training, leading to inefficiencies and compromised services. Setting guidelines will improve the professionalism and effectiveness of security operations, ensuring a safer environment for businesses and citizens alike.

To what extent have private security outfits contributed to the nation’s economy?

Private security outfits in Nigeria play a significant role in the economy by creating employment opportunities, offering essential services, and supporting critical infrastructure across various sectors. With an estimated workforce of over 100,000 individuals, the private security sector contributes significantly to addressing the economic and unemployment challenges faced by the country. These security firms not only ensure the safety of individuals and communities but also serve as accessible sources of information for patrons, residents, and the general public. By bridging security gaps where resources and law enforcement are limited, private security companies play a key role, enabling public resources to be allocated to other essential areas while maintaining a level of security for the population.

Do you think private security outfits are doing enough in Nigeria?

Private security companies are crucial in the current circumstances, yet there is room for improvement. Increased governmental support focusing on enhancing capacity, training, and providing necessary tools can elevate the industry’s standards and effectiveness in delivering security solutions. Strengthening collaboration between private firms and government entities is key to enhancing overall security measures.

What percentage of private security outfits in Nigeria do you think are compliant with national security regulations and licensing?

I honestly cannot say how many companies are compliant. However, what I can say, though, is that government and compliance agencies must prioritise key issues for businesses to operate ethically and legally, and it is their responsibility to hold organisations responsible where they fail to adhere to and follow the due process of compliance. It is crucial that every business obtain the necessary licenses and permits from the government to conduct operations within the state. Moreover, I also believe that the Private Guard Companies Act (1986), the primary legislation governing security services in Nigeria, is in dire need of updating. Its current state poses challenges as security firms struggle to adhere fully to national regulations and licensing standards in today’s climate. The Private Guard Companies Act must be reviewed to ensure it meets 21st-century security challenges and standards.

How compliant is your outfit with national security regulations and licensing?

We prioritise staying 100 per cent compliant with national security regulations, ensuring all licenses are valid and up-to-date. Additionally, we have partnered with a reputable law firm in Lagos to conduct due diligence on our activities, offer business regulation and tax advisory support, and provide insights on new legislation. Our trust and commitment to regulatory excellence drive our operations forward.

What’s your stance on the use of private security for political or controversial purposes?

Using private security for political events and executive protection is crucial. At a political event, private security personnel can ensure smooth operations by managing check-ins, directing traffic, and maintaining peace. Their presence safeguards the event and prevents disruptions, reflecting a commitment to safety and order.

While private security plays a vital role, it is essential to avoid involvement in controversial matters. Upholding the law and maintaining integrity are paramount. Our business prioritises ethical practices, refraining from associating with contentious individuals, causes, or purposes.

What qualities do you look out for when hiring security personnel?

When hiring security personnel, I prioritise two key qualities: experience and personal appearance. Experience is crucial as we seek to onboard top talent who have faced various security scenarios and can quickly align with our standards through our specialised training. Personal appearance also plays a significant role, as security professionals often face stereotypes. A well-groomed and presentable demeanour can command respect and attention, essential for the role, especially during initial interactions with the public. Additionally, I value a candidate’s willingness to learn and confidence level. While prior security experience is beneficial, I appreciate individuals who exhibit an open mindset, eagerness to understand, and effective communication skills. Security roles demand alertness, clear communication, and proactive assistance to clients and visitors, necessitating adaptability and quick responses in diverse situations.

How often do you retrain or upskill your staff to meet evolving threats?

We prioritise staff training at our company, ensuring all employees are well-versed in our policies, client procedures, and standard operating procedures from the outset. The training occurs before deployment to any job location, tailored to the specific job roles. For security field personnel stationed at client sites, regular quarterly retraining sessions are conducted to maintain proficiency.

Our management staff benefit from diverse training opportunities, including in-house sessions and participation in workshops, events, and conferences. This comprehensive approach ensures that our team is equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge to excel in their roles.